1. Re-experiencing traumatic events: One of the main challenges of PTSD is the involuntary intrusive memories or flashbacks of the traumatic event. These can be triggered by specific situations, objects, or even thoughts, causing anxiety, distress, and a sense of reliving the trauma.

2. Avoidance behavior: Individuals with PTSD often develop avoidance behaviors as a coping mechanism. They may avoid people, places, or situations that remind them of the traumatic event. As a result, they may isolate themselves from others, experience difficulties in maintaining relationships, and limit their activities and daily functioning